| Preparation
of the site and the sub-grade
Successful lining
greatly depends on the selection, design and preparation of the
site by the owner and the contractor.
The sub-soil
should be sufficiently compacted, free of stones or other sharp
objects and dry. The thickness of the membrane should be selected
based on the angle of the slopes and other design parameters of
the project.
Protection layers
made of suitable minerals or geotextiles are often necessary.
Handling
& laying of the membrane
Attention is
necessary when unloading, transporting, storing and unrolling
the membrane rolls in order to avoid damaging them.
The sheets should
be fixed in anchor trenches at the crown of the embankment and
then unrolled down never across the embankment. Individual sections
are positioned with an overlap of 10-20 cm.
Welding
Welding of polyolefin
geomembranes is effected with hot-air or hot-wedge equipment,
by specialized personnel. Joints and repairs are made with extrusion
welding equipment.
No welding should
be performed during periods of high humidity, strong winds, long
lasting intensive sunshine or temperatures below + 5 C.
Before welding starts, it is necessary to carry preliminary tests
in order to define the most suitable parameters (temperature,
speed, pressure) for the specific climatic conditions and material
type. Also, it is necessary to ensure that the sheets are completely
clean,dry and free from imperfections. It is recommended that
a test-channel is allowed to permit nondestructive testing by
air pressure. Weld seams across slopes should be minimized, while
crossjoints should be avoided and T -joints should undergo special
testing to ensure their impermeability.
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